Chapter 19 Objectives

• Outline the causes and consequences of the greenhouse effect, and identify the sources of rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
• Explain how chlorofluorocarbons attack ozone.
• Describe how global warming could cause and be reinforced by the release of methane clathrates.
• Connect ocean circulation and climate change.
• Discuss the impacts of over-harvesting, habitat loss, and exotic species on biodiversity.