• On a historical map of the Mediterranean area, locate Greece and trace the extent of its influence to 300 BC/BCE. On a modern map of the Mediterranean area, Europe, England, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent, locate England, France, Greece, Italy, Spain, and other countries in the Balkan peninsula, Crete, Egypt, India, the Middle East, Pakistan, and Turkey.
  • Explain how the geographical location of ancient Athens and other city-states contributed to their role in maritime trade, their colonies in the Mediterranean, and the expansion of their cultural influence.
  • the "polis" or city-state
  • civic participation and voting rights
  • legislative bodies
  • constitution writing
  • rule of law
  • Compare and contrast life in Athens and Sparta.
  • Describe the status of women and the functions of slaves in ancient Athens.
  • Analyze the causes, course, and consequences of the Persian Wars, including the origins of marathons.
  • Analyze the causes, course, and consequences of the Peloponnesian Wars between Athens and Sparta.
  • Describe the rise of Alexander the Great and the spread of Greek culture.
  • Describe the myths and stories of classical Greece; give examples of Greek gods and goddesses, heroes, and events, and where and how we see their names used today.
  • Explain why the city-states of Greece instituted a tradition of athletic competitions and describe the kinds of sports they featured.
  • Thales (science)
  • Pythagoras and Euclid (mathematics)
  • Hippocrates (medicine)
  • Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle (philosophy)
  • Herodotus, Thucydides, Homer, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Aristophanes, and Euripides (history, poetry, and drama)
  • the Parthenon, the Acropolis, and the Temple of Apollo (architecture)
  • the development of the first complete alphabet with symbols for consonants and vowels

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